探讨PDCA循环在预防眼科患者术后发生跌倒风险中的效果研究

Effectiveness of PDCA circulation in preventing the risk of falls in patients after ophthalmic surgery

摘要:

目的 探讨PDCA循环在预防眼科患者术后发生跌倒风险中的效果研究。方法 选择2021年1月至2021年12月眼科手术患者3 450例为对象，根据时间点分为对照组（2021年1月至2021年6月，n=1 600）和观察组（2021年7月至2021年12月，n=1 850）。对照组采用常规方法干预，观察组联合PDCA循环干预，两组均完成3个月干预，比较两组跌倒发生率、跌倒损伤程度、自我效能水平及满意度。结果 观察组干预3个月期间21例发生跌倒（发生率1.14%）低于对照组43例发生跌倒（发生率2.69%）（P<0.05）；观察组跌倒损伤程度低于对照组（P<0.05），表现为0级病例数多于对照组（P<0.05）；观察组干预3个月后事件应对、目标达成及个体解决问题得分高于对照组（P<0.05）；观察组干预3个月后从预防措施、服务态度、预防效果、陪护制度、防跌倒制度满意度高于对照组（P<0.05）。结论 PDCA循环在预防眼科术后患者跌倒风险中效果较好，有助于降低术后跌倒发生率，减轻跌倒损伤，提高患者自我效能水平，可获得较高的满意度，值得推广应用。

关键词:PDCA循环;眼科术后;跌倒风险;跌倒损伤程度;自我效能;满意度

Abstract:

Objective To investigate the effectiveness of plan-do-check-action (PDCA) circulation in preventing the risk of falls after ophthalmic surgery.Methods A total of 3450 patients undergoing ophthalmic surgery from January 2021 to December 2021 were selected and divided into control group (January 2021 to June 2021, n=1600) and observation group (July 2021 to December 2021, n=1850). The control group adopted the conventional intervention, and the observation group combined with PDCA cycle intervention. Both groups completed the 3-month intervention to compare the incidence of falls, fall injury degree, self-efficacy level and satisfaction of the two groups.Results Twenty-one falls occurred in the 3-month intervention in the observation group, the incidence (1.14%) was lower than that of 43 falls in the control group (2.69%) (P<0.05). The degree of fall injury in the observation group was lower than that in the control group (P<0.05), and the number of grade 0 cases was more than that of the control group (P<0.05). The observation group had higher scores on event response, goal achievement and individual problem solving after 3 months of intervention than the control group (P<0.05). After 3 months of intervention, the satisfaction of preventive measures, service attitude, prevention effect, escort system and fall prevention system was higher than that of the control group (P<0.05).Conclusion PDCA circulation has better results in preventing fall risk in patients after ophthalmic surgery, helps to reduce the incidence of postoperative falls, reduce fall injury, improve the level of patient self-efficacy, and can obtain high satisfaction, which is worthy of promotion and application.

Key words:PDCA circulation;after ophthalmic surgery;fall risk;degree of fall injury;self-efficacy;satisfaction