分娩球配合自由体位助产对初产妇产程、产痛及心理状态的影响

Effect of delivery ball combined with free body position midwifery on birth process, labor pain, and psychological state of primiparous women

摘要:

目的 探究分娩球配合自由体位助产对初产妇产程、产痛及心理状态的影响。方法 选取2022年1月至2023年1月在许昌市中心医院就诊的85例产妇，并确保所选产妇均为初产妇，以随机数字表法将产妇分配成两组，其中一组42例以传统卧位或半卧位，确定为对照组；另一组43例以分娩球配合自由体位，确定为观察组。两组均观察至产后7 d。比较两组产后2 h出血量及产程时间、心理健康评分及疼痛程度评分、生活质量评分、自我效能评分、产妇结局及新生儿结局各项指标。结果 观察组产妇产后2 h出血量低于对照组，第一产程、第二产程、第三产程、总产程均更短；干预后两组产妇焦虑自评量表（SAS）、抑郁自评量表（SDS）、视觉模拟量表（VAS）评分与干预前比较，均呈现降低趋势，且观察组低于对照组；干预后观察组产妇主观症状、心理状态、生理状态、日常生活状态、社会活动状态评分均更高；干预后两组产妇结果期望（OE-16）、自我效能期望（EE-16）、总评分与干预前比较，均呈现升高趋势，且观察组均高于对照组；干预后观察组产妇剖宫产、产后出血、产后抑郁总发生率以及新生儿胎儿窘迫、新生儿窒息、胎粪吸入总发生率低于对照组（P<0.05）。结论 分娩球配合自由体位助产可以缩短初产妇产程，减少其产后出血量，改善心理状态，降低疼痛程度，提高其生活质量及自我效能感，改善产妇结局及新生儿结局。

Abstract:

Objective To investigate the effect of delivery ball combined with free body position assisted delivery on the delivery process, labor pain, and psychological state of primiparous women.Methods The study was conducted on 85 maternal data samples, with a collection time limit of January 2022 to January 2023, and ensuring that all selected mothers were primiparous. After enrollment, due to research needs, two groups need to be set up, and the mothers were divided into two groups using the random number table method as the grouping principle. One group of 42 cases was determined as the control group with traditional or semi lying positions; another group of 43 cases were designated as the observation group with delivery balls in combination with free body position. Both groups were observed until 7 days postpartum. Compare the 2 hour postpartum bleeding volume and duration of labor, mental health score and pain level score, quality of life score, self-efficacy score, maternal and neonatal outcomes between the two groups.Results The postpartum bleeding volume of the observation group was at a lower level within 2 hours, while the first, second, third, and total stages of labor were shorter in the observation group. After intervention, the SAS, SDS, and VAS scores of the two groups of postpartum women showed a decreasing trend compared with before intervention, and the observation group was at a lower level. After intervention, the scores of subjective symptoms, psychological state, physiological state, daily life state, and social activity state of the postpartum women in the observation group were all at a higher level. After intervention, the OE-16, EE-16, and total scores of the two groups of postpartum women showed an upward trend compared with before intervention, and the observation group was at a higher level. The total incidence of cesarean section, postpartum hemorrhage, postpartum depression and the total incidence of neonatal fetal distress, neonatal asphyxia, and meconium aspiration in the observation group after intervention was at a lower level, P<0.05, indicating a significant difference in the calculated data.Conclusion Delivery ball combined with free position assisted delivery can shorten the delivery process of primiparous women, reduce postpartum bleeding, improve their psychological state, reduce pain level, improve their quality of life and self-efficacy, and improve maternal and neonatal outcomes.