塞拉利昂公立医院护士工作压力的现状调查和分析

Investigation and analysis of job stress among nurses in public hospitals of Sierra Leone

摘要:

目的 了解塞拉利昂护士工作压力现状和应对方式，分析其影响因素，为有针对性地采取措施提高当地护士的职业心理健康，降低护士工作压力提供依据，也为我国制定对外卫生援助政策和方式提供参考。方法 采用便利抽样方法，选取塞拉利昂两所公立医院124名护士为研究对象，采用一般资料问卷、护士工作压力源和简易应对方式量表调查其工作压力及影响因素。结果 该两所医院护士工作压力源量表总条目均分为（2.93±0.45）分，单项条目得分最高是工作收入低，为（3.66±0.69）分，单项条目得分最低是护理操作会引起病人的疼痛，为（2.28±0.95）分。单因素分析结果显示，年资高的护士、本科文凭及以上的护士、儿科护士、助产士工作压力高，与其他相比，差异均有统计学意义（P<0.05）。广义线性回归分析结果显示，科室是塞拉利昂护士工作压力程度的影响因素（P<0.05）。结论 塞拉利昂护士的工作压力较高，我国的对外医疗援助在改善地区医疗卫生资源硬件配置的同时，也应该重视并促进当地医务人员的心理健康。

Abstract:

Objective To investigate the job stress and coping style of nurses in Sierra Leone and analyze the associated influencing factors; to provide reference for taking targeted measures to improve the mental health of local nurses and relieve their job stress, and provide a reference for China to formulate foreign health assistance policies and assistance methods.Methods A total of 124 nurses were selected by convenience sampling from two tertiary public hospitals in Sierra Leone as the research participants. The general information questionnaire, Nursing Job Stress Scale, and Simple Coping Style Questionnaire were used to investigate their job stress and coping style as well as the associated influencing factors.Results The average score on the job stressor scale was 2.93±0.45. The item with the highest score was low income (3.66±0.69), whereas the item with the lowest score was pain caused by nursing operation (2.28±0.95). Univariate analysis showed that senior nurses, nurses with undergraduate degree or above, pediatric nurses, and midwives had high work pressure, and the differences were statistically significant compared with others (P<0.05). Generalized linear regression analysis showed that department was an influencing factor for the level of job stress (P<0.05).Conclusion Nurses in Sierra Leone are generally under high levels of job stress, China's foreign medical aid should not only improve the allocation of regional medical resources and hardware, but also pay attention to and promote the mental health of local medical staff.