螺旋扩弓器联合Twin-block矫治器早期矫治在青少年下颌后缩中的应用效果及对气道形态的影响研究

Application effect of expansion screw combined with Twin-block appliance in juvenile mandibular contraction and its influence on airway morphology

摘要:

目的 探讨螺旋扩弓器联合Twin-block矫治器早期矫治在青少年下颌后缩中的应用效果及对气道形态的影响研究。方法 将河南大学赛思口腔医院2021年5月至2022年5月收治的63例青少年下颌后缩患者，根按照随机数字表法分为两组，对照组（32例）、观察组（31例），对照组早期给予Twin-block矫治器治疗，观察组早期给予螺旋扩弓器联合Twin-block矫治器矫治治疗，观察两组牙齿角度相关指标、气道形态指标及舌骨位置变化。结果 矫治前，两组上下齿槽座角（ANB）、颅底-下齿槽座角 （SNB）、前下中切牙下颌平面（T-MP）、颅底-上齿槽座角（SNA）比较差异无统计学意义（P>0.05），矫治后3个月，观察组ANB、SNB、T-MP、SNA均大于对照组（P<0.05）；矫治前，两组后鼻脊-咽顶点距（PNS-R）、软腭后-软腭后咽壁距（SPP-SPPW）、后鼻脊-上咽壁距（PNS-UPW）、会厌骨-下咽壁距（V-LPW）比较差异无统计学意义（P>0.05），矫治后3个月，观察组PNS-R、SPP-SPPW、PNS-UPW、V-LPW均大于对照组（P<0.05）；矫治前，两组舌骨-眶耳平面距（H-FH）、舌骨-下颌平面距（H-MP）、舌骨-颈椎前平面距（H-VL）、舌骨-颅底平面距（H-S）比较差异无统计学意义（P>0.05），矫治后3个月，观察组H-FH、H-MP、H-VL、H-S均大于对照组（P<0.05）。结论 螺旋扩弓器联合Twin-block矫治器早期矫治可以有效改善青少年下颌后缩患者牙齿角度、气道形态，纠正舌骨的位置，改善通气功能。

Abstract:

Objective To study the application effect of expansion screw combined withTwin-block appliance in teenagers and its effect on airway morphology.Methods Sixty-three adolescent patients with posterior jaw contraction admitted to SATH Hospital of Stomatology, Henan University from May 2021 to May 2022 were divided into two groups according to the random number method, the control group (32 cases) and the observation group (31 cases). The control group received Twin-block appliance early. The observation group received expansion screw combined with Twin-block appliance early, and the changes of tooth angle, airway morphology and hyoid bone position were observed.Results Before the correction, there was no significant difference between the two groups in upper and lower socket angle (ANB), skull base-lower socket angle (SNB), front and lower middle incisor mandibular plane (T-MP), skull base-upper socket angle (SNA) (P>0.05); three months after the correction, ANB, SNB, T-MP, and SNA in the observation group were all larger than those in the control group (P<0.05). Before the medical correction, there was no significant difference between the two groups in posterior nasal ridge-pharyngeal vertex distance (PNS-R), posterior soft palate-posterior pharyngeal wall distance of soft palate (SPP-SPPW), posterior nasal ridge-superior pharyngeal wall distance (PNS-UPW), and epiglottis-hypharyngeal wall distance (V-LPW) (P>0.05); three months after the correction, PNS-R, SPP-SPPW, PNS-UPW, and V-LPW of the observation group were all larger than those of the control group (P<0.05). Before the medical correction, no significant difference between the two groups in hyoid-orbital ear plane distance (H-FH), hyoid-mandibular plane distance (H-MP), hyoid-cervical anterior plane space (H-VL), hyoid-skull base plane distance (H-S) (P>0.05); three months after the correction, H-FH, H-MP, H-VL, and H-S of the observation group were larger than those of the control group (P<0.05).Conclusion The early correction of expansion screw combined with Twin-block appliance can effectively improve the tooth angle and airway morphology, correct the position of the hyoid bone and improve the ventilation function.