老年阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停严重程度相关因素分析

Factors related to the severity of obstructive sleep apnea in the elderly

摘要:

目的 探讨老年阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停（OSA）患者严重程度的相关因素。方法 将接受多导睡眠监测的患者分为非老年组（年龄<65岁，n=37）和老年组（年龄≥65岁，n=43）。OSA严重程度由呼吸暂停低通气指数（AHI）决定，每组又分为两亚组：轻中度OSA（5<AHI<30）和重度OSA（AHI≥30）。在老年组中，进行了老年病学评估，以分析身体和神经精神功能。结果 非老年组和老年组OSA患者体重指数（BMI）与AHI呈正相关，老年组中，年龄仅与AHI相关。老年组中，重度OSA患者BMI和年龄均高于轻中度OSA患者。而老年组轻中度OSA和重度OSA亚组间体力、认知功能、冷漠量表、抑郁量表或日常生活活动均差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。二元逻辑回归分析显示，男性、BMI和年龄是老年组严重OSA的独立危险因素。结论 衰老增加了老年OSA患者严重程度，且这一关系不受身体活跃和神经精神状态影响。

Abstract:

Objective To investigate the factors related to the severity of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in elderly patients.Methods The patients receiving polysomnosis monitoring were divided into non-elderly group (age <65 years, n=37) and elderly group (age ≥65 years, n=43). OSA severity was determined by the apnea hypopnea index (AHI), and each group was further divided into two subgroups: mild to moderate OSA (5<AHI<30) and severe OSA (AHI≥30). In the older group, geriatric assessments were performed to analyze physical and neuropsychiatric function.Results BMI of OSA patients in non-senile group and senile group was positively correlated with AHI, while age was only correlated with AHI in senile group. In the elderly group, BMI and age of patients with severe OSA were higher than those with mild-moderate OSA. There were no significant differences in physical strength, cognitive function, apathetic scale, depression scale or activities of daily living between mild to moderate OSA and severe OSA subgroups (P>0.05). Binary logistic regression analysis showed that male, body mass index, and age were independent risk factors for severe OSA in the elderly group.Conclusion Aging increases the severity of OSA in elderly patients, and this relationship is independent of physical activity and neuropsychiatric status.